Precision
Hutu, Tutsi and Twa are not biological races. They were built to work like races. That distinction carries my argument — it is not a hole in it.
My position: what happened in Rwanda and eastern Congo is racism. Not a metaphor for racism, not "tribalism" — the same machinery I point at everywhere else on this site. A state sorts people into fixed categories, prints those categories on documents, writes them into citizenship law, and then removes protection from one of them.
No white perpetrator is required for that sentence to hold, which is why I keep returning to this case. What I cannot do is tell it with one villain. The army that stopped the 1994 genocide is credibly accused by the UN of acts that could themselves be genocide, and I say both things or I am not applying a standard at all.
Humanity
Tutsi civilians in 1994, Hutu civilians in 1996 and in 2025. All civilians. History buys nobody an exception.
Consistency
The UN Mapping Report is either credible on both sides or neither. Evidence does not weaken because it became inconvenient for me.